Late during the French and Indian Wars, the Forbes expedition organized in Carlisle in 1758, and Henry Bouquet organized an expedition there for Pontiac’s War, the last conflict of the war, in 1763. An army of the Confederate States of America under General Fitzhugh Lee attacked and shelled the borough during the Battle of Carlisle on July 1, 1863, part of the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War. On a column in front of the historic county courthouse a cannonball dent can still be seen.